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DDC 305.52340973
S 53

SHERMAN, RACHEL.
    UNEASY STREET : : the anxieties of affluence. / RACHEL. SHERMAN. - [Place of publication not identified], : PRINCETON University PRES,, 2019. - 1 online resource (1 volume). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/07936E47-42C1-493E-8CF4-5C6A00A76DD1. - ISBN 9780691195162 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 0691195161 (electronic bk.)
Print version record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : SHERMAN, RACHEL. UNEASY STREET. - [Place of publication not identified], PRINCETON University PRES, 2019. - ISBN 0691191905

~РУБ DDC 305.52340973

Рубрики: Wealth--United States.

   Rich people--United States.


   Social stratification--United States.


   Social classes--United States.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Social Classes


SHERMAN, RACHEL. UNEASY STREET : [Электронный ресурс] : the anxieties of affluence. / RACHEL. SHERMAN, 2019. - 1 online resource (1 volume) с.

1.

SHERMAN, RACHEL. UNEASY STREET : [Электронный ресурс] : the anxieties of affluence. / RACHEL. SHERMAN, 2019. - 1 online resource (1 volume) с.


DDC 305.52340973
S 53

SHERMAN, RACHEL.
    UNEASY STREET : : the anxieties of affluence. / RACHEL. SHERMAN. - [Place of publication not identified], : PRINCETON University PRES,, 2019. - 1 online resource (1 volume). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/07936E47-42C1-493E-8CF4-5C6A00A76DD1. - ISBN 9780691195162 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 0691195161 (electronic bk.)
Print version record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : SHERMAN, RACHEL. UNEASY STREET. - [Place of publication not identified], PRINCETON University PRES, 2019. - ISBN 0691191905

~РУБ DDC 305.52340973

Рубрики: Wealth--United States.

   Rich people--United States.


   Social stratification--United States.


   Social classes--United States.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Social Classes


DDC 305.8009680905
W 64


    Who is an African? : : race, identity, and destiny in post-apartheid South Africa / / edited by Chammah J. Kaunda and Roderick R. Hewitt ; foreword by Marshall W. Murphree and Nobuhle Hlongwa. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books/Fortress Academic,, ©2018. - 1 online resource (337 p.). - Includes bibliographical references. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/C324A802-C63E-4B78-B5C9-B6FB611DE620. - ISBN 9781978700550 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 1978700555 (electronic bk.)
Description based upon print version of record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Botha, Nico Who Is an African? : Race, Identity, and Destiny in Post-apartheid South Africa. - Lanham : Fortress Academic,c2018. - ISBN 9781978700543

~РУБ DDC 305.8009680905

Рубрики: Ethnicity--South Africa.

   Africans.


   Post-apartheid era--South Africa.


   Identity (Psychology)--Social aspects--South Africa.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies.


Аннотация: This book is an in-depth conversation and study about issues of African identity in South Africa. It aims to inform policy development and change in the role of race and ethnic identity within the ""rainbow"" configuration of nation building.

Доп.точки доступа:
Murphree, Marshall W.
Hlongwa, Nobuhle.
Kaunda, Chammah, (Chammah J.), \editor.\
Hewitt, Roderick R., \editor.\

Who is an African? : [Электронный ресурс] : race, identity, and destiny in post-apartheid South Africa / / edited by Chammah J. Kaunda and Roderick R. Hewitt ; foreword by Marshall W. Murphree and Nobuhle Hlongwa., ©2018. - 1 online resource (337 p.) с.

2.

Who is an African? : [Электронный ресурс] : race, identity, and destiny in post-apartheid South Africa / / edited by Chammah J. Kaunda and Roderick R. Hewitt ; foreword by Marshall W. Murphree and Nobuhle Hlongwa., ©2018. - 1 online resource (337 p.) с.


DDC 305.8009680905
W 64


    Who is an African? : : race, identity, and destiny in post-apartheid South Africa / / edited by Chammah J. Kaunda and Roderick R. Hewitt ; foreword by Marshall W. Murphree and Nobuhle Hlongwa. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books/Fortress Academic,, ©2018. - 1 online resource (337 p.). - Includes bibliographical references. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/C324A802-C63E-4B78-B5C9-B6FB611DE620. - ISBN 9781978700550 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 1978700555 (electronic bk.)
Description based upon print version of record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Botha, Nico Who Is an African? : Race, Identity, and Destiny in Post-apartheid South Africa. - Lanham : Fortress Academic,c2018. - ISBN 9781978700543

~РУБ DDC 305.8009680905

Рубрики: Ethnicity--South Africa.

   Africans.


   Post-apartheid era--South Africa.


   Identity (Psychology)--Social aspects--South Africa.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies.


Аннотация: This book is an in-depth conversation and study about issues of African identity in South Africa. It aims to inform policy development and change in the role of race and ethnic identity within the ""rainbow"" configuration of nation building.

Доп.точки доступа:
Murphree, Marshall W.
Hlongwa, Nobuhle.
Kaunda, Chammah, (Chammah J.), \editor.\
Hewitt, Roderick R., \editor.\

DDC 305.891/5970561
S 10

Şengül, Ceren,.
    Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey : : state rhetoric, locality, and language use / / Ceren Şengül. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books, an imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.,, [2018]. - 1 online resource (xi, 123 pages). : il. - (Kurdish societies, politics, and international relations). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/230F8609-F843-4992-9C2A-B72CD34DB0F8. - ISBN 1498573576 (electronic book). - ISBN 9781498573573 (electronic book)
Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on March 12, 2019).
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Şengül, Ceren, author. Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey. - Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, 2018. - ISBN 9781498573566
    Содержание:
Introduction : researching Kurdishness in Turkey -- Two "moments of transition" : how state rhetoric plays a role in manifestations of Kurdishness -- Contextualising Kurdishness through localities : everyday experiences of prejudice/discrimination -- Contextualising Kurdishness through language : family environment and neighborhood -- Conclusion : (re-)shaping Kurdishness from macro to micro -- Appendix : list of the respondents.

~РУБ DDC 305.891/5970561

Рубрики: Kurds--Politics and government.--Turkey

   Kurds--Social conditions.--Turkey


   Kurds--Languages.--Turkey


   Kurds--Politics and government.


   Kurds--Social conditions.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   Turkey.
Аннотация: This book unpacks the diversity of experiences of Kurdishness in Turkey. By doing that, this book fills the gap within the literature on ethnicities.

Şengül, Ceren,. Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey : [Электронный ресурс] : state rhetoric, locality, and language use / / Ceren Şengül., [2018]. - 1 online resource (xi, 123 pages). с. (Введено оглавление)

3.

Şengül, Ceren,. Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey : [Электронный ресурс] : state rhetoric, locality, and language use / / Ceren Şengül., [2018]. - 1 online resource (xi, 123 pages). с. (Введено оглавление)


DDC 305.891/5970561
S 10

Şengül, Ceren,.
    Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey : : state rhetoric, locality, and language use / / Ceren Şengül. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books, an imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.,, [2018]. - 1 online resource (xi, 123 pages). : il. - (Kurdish societies, politics, and international relations). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/230F8609-F843-4992-9C2A-B72CD34DB0F8. - ISBN 1498573576 (electronic book). - ISBN 9781498573573 (electronic book)
Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on March 12, 2019).
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Şengül, Ceren, author. Customized forms of Kurdishness in Turkey. - Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, 2018. - ISBN 9781498573566
    Содержание:
Introduction : researching Kurdishness in Turkey -- Two "moments of transition" : how state rhetoric plays a role in manifestations of Kurdishness -- Contextualising Kurdishness through localities : everyday experiences of prejudice/discrimination -- Contextualising Kurdishness through language : family environment and neighborhood -- Conclusion : (re-)shaping Kurdishness from macro to micro -- Appendix : list of the respondents.

~РУБ DDC 305.891/5970561

Рубрики: Kurds--Politics and government.--Turkey

   Kurds--Social conditions.--Turkey


   Kurds--Languages.--Turkey


   Kurds--Politics and government.


   Kurds--Social conditions.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   Turkey.
Аннотация: This book unpacks the diversity of experiences of Kurdishness in Turkey. By doing that, this book fills the gap within the literature on ethnicities.

DDC 305.891/5970072
M 61


    Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies : : theoretical and practical insights from the field / / edited by Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen, Begum Zorlu, and Yasin Duman. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books,, 2018. - 1 online resource. - (Kurdish societies, politics, and international relations). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/01014772-9347-4261-9039-029D30C2F365. - ISBN 1498575226. - ISBN 9781498575225 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies. - Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, 2018. - ISBN 9781498575218
    Содержание:
Research fields on the move : on space and knowledge -- Critical ethnography : emancipatory knowledge and alternative dialogues / Vera Eccarius-Kelly -- Living structures : methodological considerations on people and place / Joost Jongerden -- Online-offline research on diasporic identities : methodological benefits, challenges and critical insights / Jowan Mahmoud -- Tracing global history through the Kurds in the imperial and national archives and beyond / Marc Sinan Winrow -- Fieldwork in troubled terrains -- Troubled terrain : lines of allegiance and political belonging in northern Kurdistan / Marlene Schäfers -- Working upon the communities under the political domination : subaltern Kurds in Turkey / Polat Alpman -- Feeling solidarity in an estranged city : ethnography in the post-war Diyarbakr under surveillance / Demet Arpacik -- Insider, outsider or something beyond? -- Outsiders twice over in Kurdistan / Francis O'Connor and Semih Celik -- The omnipresent absentee? Challenges in researching the Kurdistan Workers' Party in Europe and Turkey / Marlies Casier -- "She's Turkish but good" : researching on Kurdish internal displacement as a "Turkish" female researcher / Yesim Mutlu -- Straddling the insider-outsider divide : challenges of Turkish identity as an outsider researcher in the Kurdish context / Yasemin Gulsum Acar and Ozden Melis Ulug -- Essays on field experiences -- Beyond the insider-outsider dichotomy : conducting ethnographic fieldwork as a Kurdish returnee in Iraqi Kurdistan / Lana Askari -- Embedded research and political violence : Kurdish studies in conflict areas / Thomas Schmidinger -- Conclusion : reflections on research : challenges and opportunities / Begum Zorlu and Yasin Duman -- About the contributors.

~РУБ DDC 305.891/5970072

Рубрики: Kurds--Study and teaching.

   Ethnology--Fieldwork.


   Ethnology--Methodology.


   Ethnology--Fieldwork.


   Ethnology--Methodology.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


Аннотация: This book sheds light on the intricacies of conducting fieldwork on highly politicized and sensitive topics as well as in conflict settings. It addresses both the epistemological and theoretical along with the practical challenges related to such fieldwork in Kurdish Studies.

Доп.точки доступа:
Baser, Bahar, \editor.\

Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies : [Электронный ресурс] : theoretical and practical insights from the field / / edited by Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen, Begum Zorlu, and Yasin Duman., 2018. - 1 online resource. с. (Введено оглавление)

4.

Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies : [Электронный ресурс] : theoretical and practical insights from the field / / edited by Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen, Begum Zorlu, and Yasin Duman., 2018. - 1 online resource. с. (Введено оглавление)


DDC 305.891/5970072
M 61


    Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies : : theoretical and practical insights from the field / / edited by Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen, Begum Zorlu, and Yasin Duman. - Lanham, Maryland : : Lexington Books,, 2018. - 1 online resource. - (Kurdish societies, politics, and international relations). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/01014772-9347-4261-9039-029D30C2F365. - ISBN 1498575226. - ISBN 9781498575225 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies. - Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, 2018. - ISBN 9781498575218
    Содержание:
Research fields on the move : on space and knowledge -- Critical ethnography : emancipatory knowledge and alternative dialogues / Vera Eccarius-Kelly -- Living structures : methodological considerations on people and place / Joost Jongerden -- Online-offline research on diasporic identities : methodological benefits, challenges and critical insights / Jowan Mahmoud -- Tracing global history through the Kurds in the imperial and national archives and beyond / Marc Sinan Winrow -- Fieldwork in troubled terrains -- Troubled terrain : lines of allegiance and political belonging in northern Kurdistan / Marlene Schäfers -- Working upon the communities under the political domination : subaltern Kurds in Turkey / Polat Alpman -- Feeling solidarity in an estranged city : ethnography in the post-war Diyarbakr under surveillance / Demet Arpacik -- Insider, outsider or something beyond? -- Outsiders twice over in Kurdistan / Francis O'Connor and Semih Celik -- The omnipresent absentee? Challenges in researching the Kurdistan Workers' Party in Europe and Turkey / Marlies Casier -- "She's Turkish but good" : researching on Kurdish internal displacement as a "Turkish" female researcher / Yesim Mutlu -- Straddling the insider-outsider divide : challenges of Turkish identity as an outsider researcher in the Kurdish context / Yasemin Gulsum Acar and Ozden Melis Ulug -- Essays on field experiences -- Beyond the insider-outsider dichotomy : conducting ethnographic fieldwork as a Kurdish returnee in Iraqi Kurdistan / Lana Askari -- Embedded research and political violence : Kurdish studies in conflict areas / Thomas Schmidinger -- Conclusion : reflections on research : challenges and opportunities / Begum Zorlu and Yasin Duman -- About the contributors.

~РУБ DDC 305.891/5970072

Рубрики: Kurds--Study and teaching.

   Ethnology--Fieldwork.


   Ethnology--Methodology.


   Ethnology--Fieldwork.


   Ethnology--Methodology.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


Аннотация: This book sheds light on the intricacies of conducting fieldwork on highly politicized and sensitive topics as well as in conflict settings. It addresses both the epistemological and theoretical along with the practical challenges related to such fieldwork in Kurdish Studies.

Доп.точки доступа:
Baser, Bahar, \editor.\

DDC 305.89608
A 24


    Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean / / edited by Luisa Marcela Ossa and Debbie Lee-DiStefano. - Lanham : : Lexington Books,, 2019. - 1 online resource. - (Black diasporic worlds: origins and evolutions from new world slaving). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/3F6D3D6E-28BE-41E3-B5E6-8E648E080C9D. - ISBN 1498587097. - ISBN 9781498587099 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean. - Lanham : Lexington Books, 2019. - ISBN 9781498587082

~РУБ DDC 305.89608

Рубрики: Blacks--Latin America.

   Blacks--Caribbean Area.


   Asians--Latin America.


   Asians--Caribbean Area.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   Latin America--Race relations.
    Caribbean Area--Race relations.


Доп.точки доступа:
Ossa, Luisa Marcela, (1972-) \editor,.\
Lee-DiStefano, Debbie, \editor,.\

Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean / [Электронный ресурс] / edited by Luisa Marcela Ossa and Debbie Lee-DiStefano., 2019. - 1 online resource. с.

5.

Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean / [Электронный ресурс] / edited by Luisa Marcela Ossa and Debbie Lee-DiStefano., 2019. - 1 online resource. с.


DDC 305.89608
A 24


    Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean / / edited by Luisa Marcela Ossa and Debbie Lee-DiStefano. - Lanham : : Lexington Books,, 2019. - 1 online resource. - (Black diasporic worlds: origins and evolutions from new world slaving). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/3F6D3D6E-28BE-41E3-B5E6-8E648E080C9D. - ISBN 1498587097. - ISBN 9781498587099 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Afro-Asian connections in Latin America and the Caribbean. - Lanham : Lexington Books, 2019. - ISBN 9781498587082

~РУБ DDC 305.89608

Рубрики: Blacks--Latin America.

   Blacks--Caribbean Area.


   Asians--Latin America.


   Asians--Caribbean Area.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies


   Latin America--Race relations.
    Caribbean Area--Race relations.


Доп.точки доступа:
Ossa, Luisa Marcela, (1972-) \editor,.\
Lee-DiStefano, Debbie, \editor,.\

DDC 305.5633
X 83

Xu, Zhun,.
    From commune to capitalism : : how China's peasants lost collective farming and gained urban poverty / / by Zhun Xu. - New York, NY : : Monthly Review Press,, ©2018. - 1 online resource (154 pages). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/987375AC-3A4B-4E78-B6AC-E39527D4119C. - ISBN 9781583677018 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 1583677011 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Xu, Zhun. From commune to capitalism. - New York : Monthly Review Press, [2018]. - ISBN 1583676988
    Содержание:
Socialism and capitalism in the Chinese countryside -- Chinese agrarian change in world-historical context -- Agricultural productivity and decollectivization -- The political economy of decollectivization -- The achievement, contradictions, and demise of rural collectives.

~РУБ DDC 305.5633

Рубрики: Peasants--China.

   Rural population--China.


   Agricultural laborers--China.


   Urbanization--China.


   Industrialization--China.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies.


   Agricultural laborers.


   Industrialization.


   Peasants.


   Rural population.


   Urbanization.


   China.
Аннотация: In the early 1980s, China undertook a massive reform that dismantled its socialist rural collectives and divided the land among millions of small peasant families. Known as the decollectivization campaign, it is one of the most significant reforms in China's transition to a market economy. From the beginning, the official Chinese accounts, and many academic writings, uncritically portray this campaign as a huge success, both for the peasants and the economy as a whole. This mainstream history argues that the rural communes, suffering from inefficiency, greatly improved agricultural productivity under the decollectivization reform. It also describes how the peasants, due to their dissatisfaction with the rural regime, spontaneously organized and collectively dismantled the collective system. A closer examination suggests a much different and more nuanced story. By combining historical archives, field work, and critical statistical examinations, From Commune to Capitalism argues that the decollectivization campaign was neither a bottom-up, spontaneous peasant movement, nor necessarily efficiency-improving. On the contrary, the reform was mainly a top-down, coercive campaign, and most of the efficiency gains came from simply increasing the usage of inputs, such as land and labor, rather than institutional changes. The book also asks an important question: Why did most of the peasants peacefully accept this reform? Zhun Xu answers that the problems of the communes contributed to the passiveness of the peasantry; that decollectivization, by depoliticizing the peasantry and freeing massive rural labor to compete with the urban workers, served as both the political and economic basis for consequent Chinese neoliberal reforms and a massive increase in all forms of economic, political, and social inequality. Decollectivization was, indeed, a huge success, although far from the sort suggested by mainstream accounts.

Xu, Zhun,. From commune to capitalism : [Электронный ресурс] : how China's peasants lost collective farming and gained urban poverty / / by Zhun Xu., ©2018. - 1 online resource (154 pages) с. (Введено оглавление)

6.

Xu, Zhun,. From commune to capitalism : [Электронный ресурс] : how China's peasants lost collective farming and gained urban poverty / / by Zhun Xu., ©2018. - 1 online resource (154 pages) с. (Введено оглавление)


DDC 305.5633
X 83

Xu, Zhun,.
    From commune to capitalism : : how China's peasants lost collective farming and gained urban poverty / / by Zhun Xu. - New York, NY : : Monthly Review Press,, ©2018. - 1 online resource (154 pages). - Includes bibliographical references and index. - URL: https://library.dvfu.ru/lib/document/SK_ELIB/987375AC-3A4B-4E78-B6AC-E39527D4119C. - ISBN 9781583677018 (electronic bk.). - ISBN 1583677011 (electronic bk.)
Description based on print version record.
Параллельные издания: Print version: : Xu, Zhun. From commune to capitalism. - New York : Monthly Review Press, [2018]. - ISBN 1583676988
    Содержание:
Socialism and capitalism in the Chinese countryside -- Chinese agrarian change in world-historical context -- Agricultural productivity and decollectivization -- The political economy of decollectivization -- The achievement, contradictions, and demise of rural collectives.

~РУБ DDC 305.5633

Рубрики: Peasants--China.

   Rural population--China.


   Agricultural laborers--China.


   Urbanization--China.


   Industrialization--China.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations.


   SOCIAL SCIENCE / Minority Studies.


   Agricultural laborers.


   Industrialization.


   Peasants.


   Rural population.


   Urbanization.


   China.
Аннотация: In the early 1980s, China undertook a massive reform that dismantled its socialist rural collectives and divided the land among millions of small peasant families. Known as the decollectivization campaign, it is one of the most significant reforms in China's transition to a market economy. From the beginning, the official Chinese accounts, and many academic writings, uncritically portray this campaign as a huge success, both for the peasants and the economy as a whole. This mainstream history argues that the rural communes, suffering from inefficiency, greatly improved agricultural productivity under the decollectivization reform. It also describes how the peasants, due to their dissatisfaction with the rural regime, spontaneously organized and collectively dismantled the collective system. A closer examination suggests a much different and more nuanced story. By combining historical archives, field work, and critical statistical examinations, From Commune to Capitalism argues that the decollectivization campaign was neither a bottom-up, spontaneous peasant movement, nor necessarily efficiency-improving. On the contrary, the reform was mainly a top-down, coercive campaign, and most of the efficiency gains came from simply increasing the usage of inputs, such as land and labor, rather than institutional changes. The book also asks an important question: Why did most of the peasants peacefully accept this reform? Zhun Xu answers that the problems of the communes contributed to the passiveness of the peasantry; that decollectivization, by depoliticizing the peasantry and freeing massive rural labor to compete with the urban workers, served as both the political and economic basis for consequent Chinese neoliberal reforms and a massive increase in all forms of economic, political, and social inequality. Decollectivization was, indeed, a huge success, although far from the sort suggested by mainstream accounts.

Page 1, Results: 6

 

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